High‑energy Dynamic Compaction Ground Improvement
Cost‑effective, efficient solution for shallow Gobi sands, shallow loess reinforcement, and energy/chemical auxiliary works
High‑energy impact compaction
Rapid large‑area construction
Low‑cost green ground improvement
Suitable for Gobi sands, thin fill, shallow collapsible loess across all infrastructure projects
Method principle · Reinforcement mechanism
1. Definition and reinforcement mechanism
Dynamic compaction (dynamic consolidation) lifts an 8–150 t weight to 6–30 m and drops it free‑fall, instantly compacting the soil with high energy. Shock waves compress voids, restructure particle arrangement, and dissipate excess pore water pressure, achieving dynamic consolidation. Bearing capacity is greatly increased, eliminating collapsibility, differential settlement, liquefaction, and other risks.
Energy level vs. reinforcement depth
Reference table of effective reinforcement depth for standard energy levels
Maximum reinforcement depth in coarse‑grained and fine‑grained soils for different compaction energy levels, suited for Gobi sands and loess sites.
| Blow energy (kN·m) | Coarse‑grained (m) | Fine‑grained (m) |
|---|
| 1000 | 4.0–5.0 | 3.0–4.0 |
| 2000 | 5.0–6.0 | 4.0–5.0 |
| 3000 | 6.0–7.0 | 5.0–6.0 |
| 4000 | 7.0–8.0 | 6.0–7.0 |
| 5000 | 8.0–8.5 | 7.0–7.5 |
| 6000 | 8.5–9.0 | 7.5–8.0 |
| 8000 | 9.0–9.5 | 8.0–8.5 |
| 10000 | 9.5–10.0 | 8.5–9.0 |
| 12000 | 10.0–11.0 | 9.0–10.0 |
Reference table for ultra‑high energy dynamic compaction
High energy levels are selected for thick Gobi fill and large loess areas; recommended tamping point spacing is also provided for engineering design.
| Energy (kN·m) | Rock fill (m) | Clean fill (m) | Gravelly (m) | Silt/clay (m) | Point spacing (m) |
|---|
| 10000 | 12.0–14.0 | 15.0–17.0 | 11.0–13.0 | 9.0–10.0 | 9.0–11.0 |
| 12000 | 13.0–15.0 | 16.0–18.0 | 12.0–14.0 | 10.0–11.0 | 9.0–12.0 |
| 14000 | 14.0–16.0 | 17.0–19.0 | 13.0–15.0 | 11.0–12.0 | 10.0–12.0 |
| 15000 | 15.0–17.0 | 17.5–19.5 | 13.5–15.5 | 12.0–13.0 | 11.0–13.0 |
| 16000 | 16.0–18.0 | 18.0–20.0 | 14.0–16.0 | 13.0–14.0 | 12.0–14.0 |
| 18000 | 17.0–19.0 | 18.5–20.5 | 15.5–17.0 | 14.0–15.0 | 13.0–15.0 |
| 20000 | 18.0–20.0 | 19.0–21.0 | 16.0–18.0 | 15.0–16.0 | 14.0–16.0 |
Construction features
Six key features
① Remarkable improvement · overall bearing capacity increase, eliminates collapsibility, differential settlement, liquefaction.
② High construction speed and efficiency · fewer steps, mechanised continuous operation.
③ Wide applicability · Gobi sands, loess, quarry backfill, miscellaneous fill, low‑moisture clay.
④ Simple and flexible equipment, easy relocation · crane + hammer, quick assembly and transport.
⑤ Lower overall cost · no need for large amounts of imported materials, saving 50%–70%.
⑥ Green and low‑carbon · almost no construction waste, minimal high‑carbon materials, eco‑friendly.
Core economic & construction advantages summary
① Single set: 40,000–60,000 m²/month
② Standard reinforcement depth 6–11 m, ultra‑high energy up to 21 m
③ Overall cost saving 50%–70%
